In economics and social sciences, a “frame of reference” is understood as a model for the abstract classification and description of phenomena in their context on the basis of well-founded criteria.

The frame of reference represents a well-founded abstraction in the form of a conceptual model, which is represented as a structure of elements and relations, whereby an appropriate description, explanation or formation is to be made possible.

A reference framework is a description model that allows an abstract classification and description of phenomena in their context based on well-founded criteria. A reference framework is primarily used for descriptive purposes. However, the description made on the basis of a reference framework can in turn form the basis for the derivation of explicative statements and the development of strategies. Description is therefore the foundation of decision.